Molecular biotechnology emerged as a new research field that arose as a result of the fusion in the late 1970s of recombinant DNA technology and traditional industrial microbiology. Whether one goes to the movies to see Jurassic Park with its ingenious but scientifically untenable plot of cloning dinosaurs, reads in the newspaper about the commercialization of a new “biotech” tomato that has an extended shelf life, or hears one of the critics of molecular biotechnology talking about the possibility of dire consequences from genetic engineering, there is a significant public awareness about recombinant DNA technology. In this book, we introduce and explain what molecular biotechnology actually is as a scientific discipline, how the research in the area is conducted, and
how this technology may realistically impact on our lives in the future. We have written Molecular Biotechnology: Principles and Applications of Recombinant DNA to serve as a text for courses in biotechnology, recombinant
DNA technology, and genetic engineering or for any course introducing both the principles and the applications of contemporary molecular biology methods. The book is based on the biotechnology course we have offered for the past 12 years to advanced undergraduate and graduate students from the biological and engineering sciences at the University of Waterloo. We have written this text for students who have an understanding of basic ideas from biochemistry, molecular genetics, and microbiology. We are aware that it is unlikely that students will have had all of these courses before taking a course on biotechnology. Thus, we have tried to develop the topics in this text by explaining their broader biological context before delving into molecular details. This text emphasizes how recombinant DNA technology can be used to create various useful products. We have, wherever possible, used experimental results and actual methodological strategies to illustrate basic concepts,
and we have tried to capture the flavor and feel of how molecular biotechnology operates as a scientific venture. The examples that we have selected—from a vast and rapidly growing literature—were chosen as case studies that not only illustrate particular points but also provide the reader with a solid basis for understanding current research in specialized areas of molecular biotechnology. Nevertheless, we expect that some of our examples will be out of date by the time the book is published, because molecular
biotechnology is such a rapidly changing discipline.
For the ease of the day-to-day practitioners, scientific disciplines often develop specialized terms and nomenclature. We have tried to minimize the use of technical jargon and, in many instances, have deliberately used a simple phrase to describe a phenomenon or process that might otherwise have been expressed more succinctly with technical jargon. In any field of study, synonymous terms that describe the same phenomenon exist. In molecular biotechnology, for example, recombinant DNA technology, gene cloning, and genetic engineering, in a broad sense, have the same meaning. When an important term or concept appears for the first time in this text, it is followed in parentheses with a synonym or equivalent expression. An extensive glossary can be found at the end of the book to help the reader with the terminology of molecular biotechnology.
0 comments:
Post a Comment