Toxicity of
heavy metals to legumes and bioremediation presents numerous aspects of metal
toxicity to legumes and suggests quite a few bioremediation strategies that
could be useful in restoring contaminated environments vis-a-vis legume
production in metal-stressed soils. The mobility and availability of toxic metals,
nutritive value of some metals, and the strategies to assess the human health risk
by heavy metals are reviewed and highlighted. Heavy metal toxicity to symbiotic
nitrogen fixing microorganism and host legumes is dealt separately. A focused
insight into the possible effects of heavy metals on seed germination and important
physiological functions of plants including popularly grown legumes around the
world have been amply reviewed and discussed in this book. The interaction
between chromium and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria and how chromium
toxicity could be managed are explored. The influence of glutathione on the
tolerance of Rhizobium leguminosarum to cadmium is covered in detail. The book
further describes in a separate chapter, “Bioremediation: A natural method for the
management of polluted environment,” several bioremediation strategies commonly
used in cleaning up the heavy metal-contaminated sites. “Rhizobium–legume symbiosis:
A model system for the recovery of metal contaminated agricultural land” has
been sufficiently discussed in this book. Microbially mediated transformations of
heavy metals in rhizosphere are critically addressed. “Rhizoremediation: A
pragmatic approach for remediation of heavy metal contaminated soil” is reviewed
and highlighted. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria facilitate the growth and
development of various plants in both conventional and stressed soils by one or
combination of several mechanisms. This interesting aspect of PGPR in the
management of cadmium-contaminated soil is dealt separately. The importance of
mycorrhizal fungi in enhancing legume production in both conventional and derelict
environment and site-specific optimization of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi-mediated
phytoremediation have been reviewed and discussed. Further in this book, heavy
metal resistance in plants and putative role of endophytic bacteria are
highlighted.
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